高中英语主谓一致讲解 易智英语.doc

高中英语：主谓一致 一、概念：主谓一致是指谓语在人称和数上必须和主语的人称和数保持一致。这是英语语法中必须遵循的基本规则。 二、主谓一致的情形：语法一致、就近一致、意义一致。 （一）语法一致 主语为单数形式, 谓语动词也用单数形式; 主语为复数形式, 谓语动词也用复数形式。不可数名词作主语, 谓语动词用单数；可数名词的复数形式作主语, 谓语动词用复数。 e.g. I often help him and he often helps me. We often help each other. (1)由and连接的两个名词或代词做主语时，如果两个名词或代词之前都有冠词,则表示复数，谓语动词用复数形式；如果and连接的后面的一个名词前没有冠词，则谓语动词用单数形式。 例如： ①The poet and the novelist were both present at the meeting. ②The poet and novelist was present at the meeting. (2)这部分主语前面有each, every, many a, no 等修饰时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。例句： ① Each doctor and（each）nurse was given a new shirt. ② No sound and no voice is heard. ③ Many a boy and girl has made the same mistake. ④ Every minute and every second is precious. (3) 动名词，不定式，主语从句做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例句： ① Reading is a great pleasure in life. ② To live means to create. ③ That we need more time is obvious. ④ What is needed is food and medicine. (4)表示时间，金钱，距离，重量的复数名词表示数量做主语时，被视为一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式。 例句： ① Three thousand miles is a long distance. ② Eight hours of sleep is enough. ③ Ten dollars is enough for him. ④Fifty kilograms is not too long to be carried (5)不定代词anyone, anything, everyone, everything, someone, something, no one, nothing, each the other 等做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例句： ① Is anybody going to tell him the news ? ② Someone wants to see you. （二）就近原则 (1)由连词or, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, 连接的两个名词或代词做主语时，谓语动词和离它最近的那个名词或代词的人称和数一致。例句： ①. Either you or Jean is to be sent to New Zealand. ②. Not only his family but also he likes Chaplin’s movies. ③. Neither Tom nor the Browns enjoy their journey to Beijing owing to the bad weather. ④. George or Tom is wanted. （2）注意：There be句型中be 的形式由它后面的第一个名词的数决定。例句： ①. There aren’t any letters in the mail for you today. ②. There is a lamp, two pens and three books on the desk. ③. Here are some envelopes and paper for you. （3）名词后面带有with, along with, together with, besides, except, but, like, including, as well as, rather than短语共同做主语时，谓语动词与这些短语前面的那个名词的数一致。例句： ①. All but one were here just now. ②. A library with five