高中英语语法—倒装.ppt

倒装 倒装语序分为“全部倒装”和“部分倒装”。在全部倒装的句子中，整个谓语都放在主语的前面；在部分倒装的句子中，只是谓语中的一部分（如助动词、情态动词或系动词be等）放在主语前面，其余部分仍放在主语后面。下面将常见的倒装情况分述如下： 一、由there, here 或now 等引起， There comes the bus! There goes the bell! Now comes your turn. There lies a bus. 注：如果主语为人称代词，仍用自然语序， There he comes! Here she comes! 二、out, in, up, down, away，主谓倒装，如： Up went the arrow into the air. Up flew the red balloon. Following the roar, out rushed a tiger from among the bushes. 注：主语是一个人称代词，谓语仍放在后面， Away they went. Down it flew. Up it went. 三、方位情况出现倒装： On a hill in front of them stood a great castle. On the bed lay a sick old man. Under the tree was sitting one of the biggest men I have ever seen. Seated on the ground are a group of young men playing cards. Lying on the floor was a boy aged about seventeen. 直接引语倒装： “Are you coming with us?” asked Tom. 出现代词不倒装 “Are you coming with us?” he asked. 四、由so引起的，表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一个人（或物）的句子，如： “We must start for the work-site now.” “So must we.” Society has changed and so have the people in it. He plays the violin quite well. So does my sister. He has been to Beijing, so have I. 注：如果一个句子只是重复前面一句话的意思，尽管so用开头，语序也不要倒装，如： -- It was cold yesterday. – So it was! -- Tomorrow will be Monday. – So it will. 五、由neither或nor引起的，表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一个人（或物）的句子，如： -- I won’t do such a thing. –Neither / Nor will I. If you won’t go, neither shall I. -- I haven’t done my homework. –Neither / Nor have I. I didn’t read the notice on the bulletin board, nor did he. 六、had, should或were时，省略if，进行倒装， Had I come five minutes earlier, I would have met the famous scientist. (If I had come five minutes …) Had I been informed earlier, I could have done something. Should anyone call, tell him to wait for me here. Were I ten years younger, I would be able to climb to the top of the hill. Should you change your mind, let us know. (If I were you …不倒装) 七、当as引导让步状语从句时，可以把表语提到前面来，采用“形容词（或副词、名词）+ as +