高中语法modal verb情态动词.ppt

* * 比较can 和be able to can　could 表示能力；可能 (过去时用could),?只用于现在式和过去式(could) 1）提出委婉的请求，（注意在回答中不可用could）。　　 --- Could I have the television on?　　 --- Yes, you can. / No, you cant.2）在否定，疑问句中表示推测或怀疑。　　　　 He couldnt be a bad man.　　　　　　 他不大可能是坏人。　　　　 只用be able to?　 a. 位于助动词后。　 b. 情态动词后。　 c. 表示过去某时刻动作时。?　 d. 用于句首表示条件。　 e. 表示成功地做了某事时，只能用was/were able to， 不能用could。 He was able to flee Europe before the war Broke out.= He managed to flee Europe before the war broke out. 　can, could, may, might, must 皆可表示推测，其用法如下：1）情态动词+do。　　表示对现在或将来的情况的推测。 　　I dont know where she is, she may be in Wuhan. 2）情态动词+be doing。 　　表示对现在或将来正在进行的情况进行推测。 　At this moment, our teacher must be correcting our exam papers. 　　这时，我们老师想必在批改试卷。 3）情态动词+动词完成时。表示对过去情况的推测。 The road is wet. It must have rained last night.地是湿的，昨天晚上一定下雨了。 4）情态动词+动词的现在完成进行时。 表示对过去正在发生事情的推测。Your mother must have been looking for you.你妈妈一定一直在找你。 5）推测的否定形式，疑问形式用can‘t, couldn’t表示。  Mike cant have found his car, for he came to work by bus this morning.迈克一定还没有找回他的车，因为早上他是坐公共汽车来上班的。 　注意：could, might表示推测时不表示时态，其推测的程度不 如can, may。? 情态动词+ have +过去分词?1) may (might) have + done sth, can (could) have + done sth 　表示过去，推测过去时间里可能发生的事情。 　Philip may (might) have been hurt seriously in the car accident.　Philip can (could) have been hurt seriously in the car accident.2)　must have +done sth， 对过去时间里可能发生的事情的推测，语气较强，具有“肯定”， “谅必”的意思。 　---Linda has gone to work, but her bicycle is still here.　---She must have gone by bus. 3) ought to have done sth, should have done sth　　本应该做某事，而事实上并没有做。否定句表示“不该做某事 而做了“。 　1.You ought to (should) have been more careful in this experiment.　2.He ought not to have thrown the old clothes away. （事实上已扔了。）　　ought to 在语气上比should 要强。 4) needn‘t have done sth　 本没必要做某事 　　I dressed very warmly for the trip, but I neednt have done so. The weather was hot. 5) would like to have done sth　 本打算做某事　 I would like to have read the article, but I was v