高考复习情态动词和虚拟语气.ppt

14. (2013·合肥模拟)—He looks hot and dry. —So　　　you if you had a temperature of 40°C. A. may B. would C. must D. should 【解析】选B。考查与现在情况相反的虚拟语气。句意: ——他看上去口干舌燥。——如果你发烧到了40度也会这样的。根据语境, 此处表示对现在的情况的假设, 故主句用would+动词原形, 此处意思为“你也这样”为so提前的倒装句; 从句用一般过去时。 15. —Did you make it at last? —Yes. But for your help, it　　　a serious loss. A. would cause B. must have caused C. would have caused D. may cause 【解析】选C。考查虚拟语气。句意: ——你最后做成了吗? ——是的, 要不是你的帮助的话, 就会造成严重损失。该题解题的关键是but for your help相当于虚拟条件句, 意思为“如果没有你的帮助”, 与事实相反, 要用虚拟语气; 从上句可知是过去事实, 所以选C。 类　别 用　法 例　句 if引导的条件从句 与过去事实相反 从句谓语动词: had+过 去分词 主句谓语动词: should/would/could/ might +have+过去分词 If he had not been in an open car, he wouldnt have been shot. 与将来事实相反 从句谓语动词: 一般过 去时/were+不定式 /should+动词原形 主句谓语动词: should/would/could/ might+动词原形 If it rained/ were to rain/ should rain tomorrow, we would not go camping. 类 别 用　法 例　句 if引导的条件从句的倒装 如果在表示虚拟语气的条件 句中含有were, had或should, 可将if省略, 然后将were, had 或should移至主语之前 Had we made a great effort, we might have succeeded. (=If we had made a great effort. . . ) (2)从句中的虚拟语气 类　别 用　法 例　句 宾语 从句 表示“建议、要求、命令” 的demand, suggest, order, insist等, 后接的从句中谓语 动词为(should+)动词原形 He suggested that we (should) not change our mind. wish后的从句中的谓语动词 用一般过去时、过去完成时 或should/would+动词原形, 它们分别表示与现在、过去 和将来情况相反 I wish I could be a pop singer. 类　别 用　法 例　句 主语 从句 在“It is necessary/ important/ strange/ suggested/ demanded/ ordered/ requested +that从句”中, 从句中谓语动词用should+动词原形 It is strange that such a person should be our friend. 类　别 用　法 例　句 表语从句和同位语从句 在表示“建议、要求、 命令”的suggestion, proposal, order, plan, idea, request, advice等 名词后的表语从句和同 位语从句中要用虚拟语 气, 从句中谓语用 “should+动词原形”, should可以省略 My idea is that we (should) think it over before accepting it. 我的意见是在 接受之前我们要反复考虑。 We all agreed to his suggestion that we (should) go to Dalian for a visit. 我们都同意他 让我们去大连旅游的建议。 (3)特殊句式中的虚拟语气 类　别 用　法 例　句 混合条件句的虚拟语气 有时条件句的动作与主句 动作发生的时间不一致, 这 时动词的形式应根据它们表示的时间加以调整 If it had rained last