GRE写作精选素材—学习类-智课教育旗下智课教育.pdf

智 课 网 G R E 备 考 资 料 GRE写作精选素材—学习类-智课教育旗下智课教育 想要在GRE作文部分的考试中写出优秀的文章，论据素材是重要的 一环。下面，小编为大家分享的就是学习类的GRE写作精选素材。 好的论据不仅能帮助你支撑观点，加强说服力，还能体现出考生在 阅读量上的积累和深厚扎实的语言功底基础。特别是ISSUE作文，更是 需要大量好素材作为储备，才能保证考生无论遭遇那种题目，都能游刃 有余地完成一篇高分作文的写作。小编为大家整理了GRE写作精选素材 —学习类，一起来看吧。 自省的概念 Introspection is the self-observation and reporting of conscious inner thoughts, desires and sensations. It is a conscious mental and usually purposive process relying on thinking, reasoning, and examining one’s own thoughts, feelings, and, in more spiritual cases, one’s soul. It can also be called contemplation of one’s self, and is contrasted with extrospection, the observation of things external to one’s self. Introspection may be used synonymously with self-reflection and used in a similar way. Behaviorists claimed that introspection was unreliable and that the subject matter of scientific psychology should be strictly operationalized in an objective and measurable way. This then led psychology to focus on measurable behavior rather than consciousness or sensation. Cognitive psychology accepts the use of the scientific method, but rejects introspection as a valid method of investigation for this reason. It should be noted that Herbert Simon and Allen Newell identified the “thinking-aloud” protocol, in which investigators view a subject engaged in introspection, and who speaks his thoughts aloud, thus allowing study of his introspection. 自省在科学上的作用 On the other hand, introspection can be considered a valid tool for the development of scientific hypotheses and theoretical models, in particular, in cognitive sciences and engineering. In practice, functional (goal-oriented) computational modeling and computer simulation design of meta-reasoning and metacognition are closely connected with the introspective experiences of researchers and engineers. Introspection was used by German physiologist Wilhelm Wundt in the experimental psycholo