中国古典乐器概要1.pptVIP

Guqin, It is a plucked seven-string Chinese musical instrument of the zither family with a history of more than 3000 years. The prefix gu- (meaning ancient) was later added for clarification. It can also be called seven-stringed instrument (七弦琴 ). 古琴，又称中国七弦琴，为中国最古老的弹拨乐器之一, 有文字可考的历史有四千余年。 Its tone is deep, lingering long, deep Oriental culture characteristics. Guqin has always attaches great importance to for the literati class, is considered the father of Chinese music, saint. 其音色深沉，余音悠远，深具东方文化特色。 古琴历来为文人阶层重视，被尊为“国乐之父”、“圣人之器”。 The beginning ?Prototypes of the pipa already existed in China in the Qin Dynasty (221 BC - 206 BC). At that time, there were two types of pipa. One was straight-necked, with a round sound box constructed from? lacquered ?Paulownia wood, and two faces mounted with leather. The other was believed to be inspired by the primitive forms of zheng, konghou, and zou. It also has a straight neck, a round sound box, and also four strings. This model was later developed into the instrument known today as the ruan. The modern pipa is closer to the instrument which originated in Persia/Middle-East (where it was called barbat) and was introduced into China beginning in the late Jin Dynasty (265-420 A.D.). Pipa is a plucked Chinese string instrument. Sometimes called the Chinese lute, the instrument has a pear-shaped wooden body. It has been played for nearly two thousand years in China, and belongs to the plucked category of instruments. Several related instruments in East and Southeast Asia are derived from the pipa; these include the Japanese biwa, and the Korean bipa. The Korean instrument is the only one of the three that is no longer used. Attempts to revive the instrument have failed, although examples survive in museums. 中国古典乐器 Traditional Chinese musical instrument 远古时期 Ancient time 以狩猎及歌舞伴奏为主，用的是打击乐器，如磬、陶钟、铜钟、祝、敔、管、篪、笙、、 夏商时期 Xia and Shang Dynasties 出现定音的击乐器和多管乐器，如婸鼓、铃、编钟、埙、龠、言、、、等， 先秦时期 乐器增加，鼓、钟、箫、管、笛、竽、琴、瑟、筝等，表达的性能提高，形成”八音”的分类法