亲子鉴定与个体识别试卷.pptVIP

* Figure 3.1 Schematic of commonly used DNA extraction processes. * Figure 5.4 Commercially available STR kit solutions for a single amplification of the 13 CODIS core loci. General size ranges and dye-labeling strategies are indicated. The PowerPlex 16 kit uses 4-dyes while the Identifiler kit uses 5-dyes. Loci with dotted boxes are additional loci specific to each kit. * Figure 12.3 Schematic of capillary electrophoresis instruments used for DNA analysis. The capillary is a narrow glass tube approximately 50 cm long and 50 microns in diameter. It is filled with a viscous polymer solution that acts much like a gel in creating a sieving environment for DNA molecules. Samples are placed into a tray and injected onto the capillary by applying a voltage to each sample sequentially. A high voltage (e.g., 15,000 volts) is applied across the capillary after the injection in order to separate the DNA fragments in a matter of minutes. Fluorescent dye-labeled products are analyzed as they pass by the detection window and are excited by a laser beam. Computerized data acquisition enables rapid analysis and digital storage of separation results. * * * * * Figure 10.1 Schematic showing the circular mitochondrial DNA genome (mtGenome). The heavy (H) strand is represented by the outside line and contains a higher number of C-G residues than the light (L) strand. The 37 RNA and protein coding gene regions are abbreviated around the mtGenome next to the strand from which they are synthesized (see Table 10.2). Most forensic mtDNA analyses presently examine only HV1 and HV2 in the non-coding control region or displacement loop shown at the top of the figure. Due to insertions and deletions that exist around the mtGenome in different individuals, it is not 16,569 bp. * * * 35 50 75 100 139 160 200 250 300 340 350 400 450 490 500 150 DNA fragment peaks in sample DNA Size Data Point 147.32 bp 165.05 bp 100 139 150 160 200 250 DNA fragment peaks are sized based on the sizing curve