第09章氨基酸代谢汇总.ppt

2. 苯酮酸尿症(phenyl keronuria, PKU) 体内苯丙氨酸羟化酶缺陷，苯丙氨酸不能正常转变为酪氨酸，苯丙氨酸经转氨基作用生成苯丙酮酸、苯乙酸等，并从尿中排出的一种遗传代谢病。 As part of a standard neonatal screen, an infant is diagnosed with a genetic defect in the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase. Defects in this enzyme can result in a condition known as phenylketonuria (PKU), which results from the toxic effects of phenylalanine derived phenylketones. Fortunately, this condition can be managed by regulating the amount of phenylalanine provided in the diet. Which of the following nonessential amino acids will need to be supplied in the diet of this infant? A. Alanine B. Aspartate C. Glycine D. Serine E. Tyrosine 氨基酸的重要含氮衍生物 目 录 嘌呤碱合成的元素来源 CO2 天冬氨酸 甲酰基 （一碳单位） 甘氨酸 甲酰基 （一碳单位） 谷氨酰胺 （酰胺基） 嘧啶合成的元素来源 + NO + O2 NADPH+H+ NADP+ 一氧化氮合酶 （NOS） 精氨酸 瓜氨酸 一氧化氮 目 录 氨基酸代谢库 食物蛋白质 消化吸收 组织 蛋白质 分解 体内合成氨基酸 (非必需氨基酸) α-酮酸 脱氨基作用 酮 体 氧化供能 糖 胺 类 脱羧基作用 氨 尿素 代谢转变 其它含氮化合物 (嘌呤、嘧啶等) 合成 目 录 总结：蛋白质 基本单位（AA） 人有了知识，就会具备各种分析能力， 明辨是非的能力。 所以我们要勤恳读书，广泛阅读， 古人说“书中自有黄金屋。 ”通过阅读科技书籍，我们能丰富知识， 培养逻辑思维能力； 通过阅读文学作品，我们能提高文学鉴赏水平， 培养文学情趣； 通过阅读报刊，我们能增长见识，扩大自己的知识面。 有许多书籍还能培养我们的道德情操， 给我们巨大的精神力量， 鼓舞我们前进。 * Children with urea cycle disorders present with elevated serum ammonia and consequent neurologic symptoms including altered respiration, lethargy and coma. Several amino acids are intermediates of the urea cycle, having side ammonia groups. Which of the following amino acids is likely to be an intermediate of the cycle? Arginine Aspartate Methionine Glutamate phenylalanine A 45-year-old male with history of hepatitis C and now cirrhosis of the liver is brought to the emergency center by family members for acute mental status changes. The family reports that the patient has been very disoriented and confused over the last few days and has been nauseated and vomiting blood. The family first noticed disturbances in his sleep pattern followed by alterations in his personality and mood. On examination, he is disoriented with evidence of