城市园林中鸟类及蜂蝶的重要性及其招引与保护.pdfVIP

第43卷 第 12期 林 业 科 学 Vo1．43．No．12 2 0 0 7年 12月 SCIENTIA SILVAE SINICAE Dec．，2 0 0 7 城市园林中鸟类及蜂蝶的重要性及其招引与保护 王绪平 李德志 盛丽娟 朱志玲 柯世朕 王超华 (华东师范大学上海市城市化生态过程与生态恢复重点实验室华东师范大学环境科学系 E海200062) 摘 要： 鸟类及蜂蝶是城市生态系统的重要组成部分，一定程度上也是生态园林的具体体现，它们还可以提高园 林的艺术感染力。因此有必要对它们加以招引和保护。本文在分析鸟类和蜂蝶生活习性的基础上，从提供食物、 水源、栖息地等多个方面人手，提出了在园林设计中，有效吸引和保护鸟类、蜂蝶的途径和具体方法。针对不同地 区分别推荐了适宜的植物群落配置，介绍了冬季补饲、悬挂巢箱、引鸟屋顶和引鸟水景的一般做法，最后从招引和 保护鸟类和蜂蝶的角度，提出了城市建设和园林绿地养护管理中的一些需要注意的问题。 关键词： 生态园林；鸟类；蜂蝶类；招引；保护 中图分类号：$731．2 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1001—7488(2007)12—0134—10 Significance of Birds，Bees and Butterflies in Urban Gardens and Their AttractiOn and Protection Wang Xuping Li Dezhi Sheng Lijuan Zhu Zhiling Ke Shizhen Wang Chaohua t Shanghai Laboratory for Urbanization and Ecological Restotation Department of Environmentalience East China Normal University Shanghai 200062) Abstract： Birds，bees and butterflies not only are important components of urban ecosystems，but also can effectively improve the artistic appeal of the ecological garden．From the point of the urban biodiversity conservation and landscape quality，it is imperative that effective measures to be taken to attract and protect them．Unfortunately both the newly—built green space and old gardens in China have low species diversity，and SO far，few researches have been conducted on how to attract them．Based on their behavior and habitat requirements，this paper presented several specific measures in landscape design，including providing foods，water and habitats．Plants that attract birds，bees and butterflies were recommended according to different area，and the general methods for winter feeding，nesting boxes placement，bird—attracting roof and watersca