二语习得综述2.ppt

Basic concepts: first language vs. second language Second language vs. foreign language language learning vs. language acquisition What can students typically do? Preproduction (the Silent Period) Show that they understand what’s been said by: pointing to an item/picture or person performing an act (such as standing up or opening the door) gesturing or nodding (to show agreement or disagreement) saying Yes or No What can students typically do? Early Production Show that they understand and are learning to respond by: answering with Yes or No answering questions with one word (for example, Is the box big or little? Big.) putting two or more words together (for example, small square) using repetitive language patterns (for example, May I go to the bathroom? My name is John.) What can students typically do? Speech Emergence Show that they can use the language to communicate by: using 3 or more words and short phrases(for example, I like pizza. Stand up.) using beginning dialog using full simple sentences(for example, There are four pencils.) What can students typically do? Intermediate Fluency Show that they can use the language to communicate by: using complex statements(for example, I want to learn about reptiles that live in Africa.) stating opinions(for example, I think this food is too spicy.) speaking at length asking for clarification(for example, Can you explain the difference between a plain and a plateau to me?) share original thoughts What can students typically do? Continued Language Development Show that they can communicate freely in the language by: participating fully in the grade level classroom activities with support for understanding specialized academic language in the content area continuing to grow in their cultural and background knowledge of the language *adapted from Jerrell, I.A. Natural Approach to Second Language Acquisition. Modern Language Journal Basic Framework of SLA: Interlanguage; Learner lang