呼吸机简史（国外英文资料）.docVIP

呼吸机简史 development history The development of modern ventilators began with Mol-gaard and Lund in Copenhagen in 1915, and Giertz, a surgeon in Stockholm in 1916. Unfortunately, their achievements lack material records and are only found in scientific communications. In 1934, Frenkner developed the first pneumatic pressure limiting breathing machine - Spiropulsator, its gas source from the steel cylinder, gas through two pressure reducing valve, produce 50cm water column pressure. During expiration, sufficient air flow is obtained by the balancer, and the inspiratory time is controlled by the switch. The air flows into the lungs through the suction tube. When the internal pressure rises to the desired requirement, the valve is closed and the respiration ceases. In 1940, Frenkner and Crafoord worked together on the basis of the Spiropulsator to enable it to be used simultaneously with cyclopropane as the first anesthetic ventilator. In 1942, Bennett, an American engineer, invented an oxygen supply device with an on demand valve for use in high-altitude flights. After improvement, a intermittent positive pressure ventilator TV-2P was developed in 1948 to treat acute and chronic respiratory failure. In 1951 the Swedish Engstrom Medical company produced the first volume ventilator Engstrom100 replaced the iron lung, to treat the patient with respiratory failure caused by a large number of polio epidemic. Many engineers, doctors and others have put in research into breathing machines, and European countries have produced 10 types of ventilators on behalf of them. Since 50s, with the development of cardiac surgery, more and more doctors have realized the advantages of mechanical respiration. In 1955, the Jefferson ventilator was one of the most widely used ventilators in the U.S. market. In addition, there are four types of Morch, Stephenson, Bennett and bird brand ventilator. In 60s, the ventilator is used widely, the 1964 Emerson postoperative ventilator, is an electric c