国际经济学克鲁格曼课件8.ppt

Chapter 8 Firms in the Global Economy: Export Decisions, Outsourcing, and Multinational Enterprises Preview Monopolistic competition and trade The significance of intra-industry trade Firm responses to trade: winners, losers, and industry performance Dumping Multinationals and outsourcing Introduction When economies of scale exist, large firms may be more efficient than small firms, and the industry may consist of a monopoly or a few large firms. Production may be imperfectly competitive in the sense that excess or monopoly profits are captured by large firms. Internal economies of scale resul