学术英语摘要写作.pptVIP

Writing an Abstract;What is an abstract?;Note:;Abstract 中文有二种说法: 文摘—独立存在，单独出版，如SCI、EI、CA等 摘要—与原文在一起 共同点：从原文中抽出主题内容，以简练的文字写写成，只是准确、扼要地表述原文内容，不加以解释或评论。 以下统称为摘要 ;Abstract and Summary;文摘的文体结构;摘要中常见错误;摘要的长短;如何写摘要;摘要的内容;Notes ;Sample:; The harm of smoking has long been studied by researchers and many people are aware that second-hand smoke is harmful to nonsmokers, especially children. This study seeks to identify tobacco toxins that are invisible and its focus is on the risks those chemicals pose to infants and children. In this research, the term “third-hand smoke” was first used to describe the invisible yet poisonous gasses and particles that remain in houses or cars, including heavy metal and radioactive materials. And a survey was conducted on attitudes towards smoking in 1,500 households across the United States. It found that the vast majority of both smokers and nonsmokers were aware of the harm of second-hand smoke to children but a comparatively smaller part of them recognized the risks of third-hand smoke.;Note:;Note:;Rules to follow;摘要的语言;权威人士和一些摘要机构对摘要时态的用法提出的建议：;摘要_句子结构（常用句型）;摘要_写作特点;关键词（Keywords);Introduction;Sample Demonstration;An Assessment of Consumer Attitudes toward Direct Marketing Channels: A Comparison between Unsolicited E-mail and Direct Mail Abstract The paper examines consumer attitudes towards two major direct marketing methods, unsolicited e-mail and postal direct mail. Psychological Reactance Theory was used to determine what factors might influence consumers’ attitudes toward each communication method. Focus groups were conducted to discover the common themes and to identify the influential factors. The results of this study indicated that in comparison, unsolicited e-mail were more problematic than postal direct mail due to the inconvenience that spam presented to consumers. Keywords: direct marketing, unsolicited e-mail spam, focus groups ;