情态动词专项训练.docVIP

情态动词的基本用法 can,/ could may,/ might, , will /would, , shall /should, must, , ought to, used to need、 dare 1. can (could) 1) 表示能力，could主要指过去时间。例如： ① Two eyes can see more than one. ?② Could the girl read before she went to school? ? 2) 表示可能（理论上或是逻辑判断上）。 ① He can’t (couldn’t) have enough money for a new car. ② You mustn’t smoke while you’re walking around in the wood. You could/might start a fire. （3） Where can (could) they have gone ? (4) His coat is still here. He can’t have left. (5) The test was so easy. I could have got full marks, but I was too careless.（虚拟语气） 3) 表示允许。例如： ① Can/Could/May/Might I have a look at your new pen? ? ② He asked whether he could take the book out of the reading—room. 4）“有时会” It can be very cold here in winter. She can be very touch sometimes. 2．may (might) 1) 表允许，might可以指过去时间，也可指现在时间，语气更委婉。例如： ① You may take whatever you like. ② May (Might) I ask for a photo of your baby? 2) 表可能（事实上）。可以指过去时间，也可以指现在时间，但语气更加不肯定。例如： ① He may be at home. ? 他可能在家。\ ② She may not know about it. ? 她可能不知道这件事。 Can/Could he be at home now? (May he be at home now?错) 3. must 1) 表示义务。意为“必须”（主观意志）。例如： --Must we hand in our exercise books now? --No, you needn’t. / No, you don’t have to. ? 2) 表示揣测。意为“想必、准是、一定”等，只用于肯定句。例如： ① He looks so pale. He must be ill.(…,isn’t he? ) ② Water was rushing past their house. It must have been 10 meters deep.(…,wasn’t it?) Must have done can’t/couldn’t have done sth…. may/might have done sth may not have done (见到mustn’t have done sth就排除) 4．shall 1）=will 用于一人称I /We shall/will… 2) 表征询意见，用于第一、第三人称疑问句。例如： ① Shall I get you some tea? ?② Shall the boy wait outside? 3) 表 “命令、允诺、警告、决心”等意思，用于第二、第三人称陈述句。例如： ① You shall do as I say. 按我说的做。（命令） ② You shall have my answer tomorrow. 你明天可以得到我的答复。（允诺） (3) According to our agreement, 30%of the money shall come to our company. 5． should 1) 表义务。意为“应该”（某件事宜于做），用于各种人称。例如： ① You should be polite to your teachers. ? 你对老师应该有礼貌。 ② You shouldn’t wast