文体学chapt 7 Cohesion in Literary Discourse.pptVIP

Chapter 7 Cohesion in Literary Discourse Revision of chapter 6 How many types of syntactic overregularity do we have? What are they? 1. Repetition 2. Parallelism 3. Antithesis 4. Climax and anticlimax 5. Palindrome, antimetabole and chiasmus Contents of this chapter 1. Introduction 2. Phonological devices 3. Syntactic devices 4. Lexical devices 5. Foregrounded features as cohesive devices 6. Summary 1. Introduction Cohesion, a term popularized by Halliday and Hasan (1976), refers to the set of linguistic devices that bind a text together, that give it unity or texture. Cohesive devices used in literature can be phonological, syntactic, or lexical devices. This chapter is to deal with how they function in literary discourse. And the cohesion of foregrounded features will all be discussed. 2. Phonological devices Cohesion can be achieved through sound patterns such as alliteration, assonance and rhyme, illustrated with examples: pp.154-159. The rhythmic patterning in the extract also helps to make the text stick together. 3. Syntactic devices At the syntactic level, there are a number of devices that can be employed to make literary texts cohesive. Below are three of them: co-reference, ellipsis, linkage. 3.1 Co-reference Co-reference is the means of referring to something elsewhere in the text, hence an important device for linking sentence with sentence and avoiding repetition. Co-reference can be divided into two subtypes, one is anaphoric reference and the other is cataphoric reference. Co-reference is also referred to as endophoric reference, which is opposite to exophoric reference: anaphoric reference endophoric reference Reference cataphoric reference exophoric reference For examples of anaphoric reference in literary works, see p.160. For examples of cataphorc reference in literary works, see p.161. 3.2 Ellip