第三讲 威廉征服.ppt

第三讲 威廉征服 The Norman Conquest (1066)诺曼征服（公元1066年） 1．Reasons for William’s invasion of England after Edward’s death. It was said that king Edward had promised the English throne to William, but the Witan chose Harold as king. So William led his army to invade England. In October 1066, during the important battle of Hastings, William defeated Harold and killed him. On Christmas Day, William was crowned king of England, thus beginning the Norman Conquest of England. 据说，爱德华国王曾答应把英格兰王位传给诺曼底公爵威廉，但是贤人会议挑选了哈罗德为国王。公元1066年10月，在哈斯丁斯附近的激烈交锋中，威廉打败了哈罗德军队，同时哈罗德也在此战争中战死。 2．The Norman Conquest and its consequences诺曼征服及其产生的影响。 The Norman Conquest of 1066 is perhaps the best-known event in English history. William the Conqueror confiscated(没收) almost all the land and gave it to his Norman followers. He replaced the weak Saxon rule with a strong Norman government. He replaced the weak Saxon rule with a strong Norman government. So the feudal system was completely established in England. Relations with the Continent were opened, and the civilization and commerce were extended. Norman-French culture, language, manners and architecture were introduced. The Church was brought into closer connection with Rome, and the church courts were separated from the civil courts. 1066年的诺曼征服也许是英国历史上的最著名事件。征服者威廉几乎没收了所有土地，将其分发给他的诺曼追随者。他用强有力的诺曼政府代替了软弱的萨克逊政府。于是，封建制度在英国完全建立。开放了与欧洲大陆的关系，文明和商业得到发展，引进了诺曼—法国文化、语言、举止和建筑。教会与罗马的联系更为密切，教会法庭与世俗法庭分离 3。The English Language English is a member of the Indo-European family of languages (印欧语系). English is in the Germanic group of this family. The development of the English language can be divided into 3 three periods: Old English, Middle English, and Modern English. Chapter 3：The Shaping of the Nation (1066-1381) 英国的形成（公元1066-1381） 1. Williams Rule （1066-1087） 威廉一世的统治（公元1066-1087） Englands feudalism under the rule of William the Conqueror 在威廉统治下的英国封建制度 ①Under William, the feudal system in England was completely established. ②According to this system, the King owned