第二届全国中学生地理奥林匹克竞赛试题.doc

第二届全国中学生地理奥林匹克竞赛试题(English Questions) PART 2 English Questions（10%） 1、 Questions: 1）Describe the global distribution of earthquakes as shown in figure 1.29﹒How do you explain this pattern? 2）Why do earthquakes occur in areas that are not tectonic boundaries? 3）Using examples, explain how it is possible to manage the earthquake hazard. 2、Figure 2.1 Factors that affect tourism Natural landscape: mountains - Nepal; biodiversity - Monteverde cloud forest, Costa Rica; coasts-Mediterranean; forests-Amazon rainforest; desert-Tunisia ;polar areas-Iceland; rivers-Grand Canyon. Climate: hot, sunny, dry areas are very attractive to most tourists; seasonality of climate leads to seasonality of tourism. Cultural: language, customs, clothing ,food ,architecture ,and theme parks;examples include recreation-Paris, religion-Mecca, education-Oxford. Social factors: increasing affluence, leisure time, longer holidays, paid holidays, better mobility, better transport, more working women, age of tourists and stage in life-cycle Economic factors: exchange rates, foreign exchange, employment, multiplier effects, infrastructure, leakages. Political factors: e.g. in 1999 the Kosovo crisis led to a reduction in US tourists to Europe. Disease: malaria, Aids, and cholera lead to a decrease in tourism; high rates of disease in the Dominican Republic in 1997 led to a drop in tourism. Sporting events: events such as the World Cup(France,1998),the Olympic Games(Sydney,2000),the Cricket World Cup(Britain,1999) led to a small boom in tourism. ? Figure 2.2 Climatic data for selected destinations. Birmingham ,UK ? J F M A M J J A S O N D Total Maximum Temp﹒(℃) 5 6 9 12 16 19 20 20 17 13 9 6 13 Minimum Temp﹒(℃) 2 2 3 5 7 10 12 12 10 7 5 3 7 Mean Temp﹒(℃) 3 4 6 8 11 15 16 16 14 10 7 5 10 Rainfall (mm) 74 54 50 53 64 50 69 69 61 69 84 67 764 Miami, USA Maximum Temp﹒(℃) 24 25 27 28 30 31 32 32 31 29 27 25 28 Minimum Temp﹒(℃) 14 15 16 19 21 23 24 24 24 22 18 15 20 Mean Temp﹒(℃) 19 20 21