雾霾-英文ppt.ppt

Basic information of the Haze Smog in China Few have experienced more rapid success in China than the auto industry, which has doubled its volume sales in just the last four years. But as anger simmers over the countrys air pollution, fingers are increasingly pointing at the millions of new cars clogging Chinese roads. After a weekend in which the country experienced some of its worst smog on record, the Ministry of Environmental Protection pledged Monday to reduce vehicle emissions, the source of about a quarter of Chinas air pollution. First of all , what is smog? The term smog was invented to describe the combination of smoke and fog experienced by the city of London in the early 1900s. Modern smog, however, is typically formed by chemical reactions in the lower atmosphere. This is known as photochemical smog. Smog is a combination of fog and haze. Aerosol system composed of the air in the dust, sulfuric acid, nitric acid and other particles cause visual disorder called haze. When the air humidity increases, haze will be transformed into the fog. what is smog ? Modern smog is caused by the photo-chemical reaction of a mixture of man-made pollutants, heat and sunlight. Combined together under the right circumstances they produce smog’s main component: ozone. This colorless gas is found naturally in the Earth’s upper atmosphere where it acts as a shield against the sun’s harmful ultraviolet rays but when it forms close to the ground it can cause problems to your health and can even damage crops, trees and vegetation. Haze particles may cause irritation of the eyes, nose, throat in healthy individuals, where the irritation resolves on its own in most cases. · Haze particles can affect the heart and lungs, especially in people who already have chronic heart or lung disease e.g. asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), heart failure. · There may be up to 1-3 day time lag between exposure to haze and health effects/ symptoms.