车用交流发电机气动噪声预测.pdf

车用交流发电机气动噪声预测 1 1 柳琦 ，闫兵 （1. 西南交通大学机械工程学院，成都 ，610031 ） 摘要：为了更准确地预测车用交流发电机的气动噪声，基于计算流体力学及声类比理论，考虑声传播的影响因素， 对实验室安装条件下的某型车用交流发电机气动噪声进行研究。利用大涡模拟方法计算了交流发电机内部三维非稳 态流场；依据 Lighthill 声比拟思想，将转子表面的压力脉动等效为旋转偶极子源点集；考虑发电机机壳及实验台面 对声传播的影响，建立了以机壳内表面为声源边界的半自由声场计算模型，进而预测了发电机的远场气动噪声；最 后，利用实测数据对发电机气动噪声仿真结果进行了验证。结果表明：交流发电机气动噪声的辐射声场具有明显的 偶极子指向特性；仿真计算结果与实验测试结果具有很好的一致性。本文的研究方法可以更准确地预测发电机的气 动噪声，同时可为实车安装条件下的车用交流发电机气动噪声预测提供参考。 关键字：交流发电机；气动噪声；声类比；旋转偶极子；边界元法 中图分类号：TB535； 文献标识码：A Aerodynamic Noise Prediction of vehicle alternator LIU Qi 1 , YAN Bing 1 (1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Southwest JiaoTong University, Chengdu 610031, China) Abstract: In order to predict the aerodynamic noise of vehicle alternators more accurately, an approach based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and acoustic analogy theory was proposed for aerodynamic noise prediction of a vehicle alternator under the mounted condition in the laboratory, considering factors affect acoustic propagation. The large eddy simulation (LES) method was adopted to calculate the three-dimension unsteady flow field inside the alternator firstly. Then the surficial pressure fluctuation of the rotating components was equalized to a cloud of rotating point dipoles based on Lighthill acoustic analogy theory. After that, a half free field acoustic computational model was established to predict the aerodynamic acoustic in the far-field of the alternator, using the inner face of alternator enclosure as the boundary of sound sources and considering influences of the enclosure and experimental rig desk on the acoustic propagation. Finally, prediction result