不同灌溉模式下稻田降雨利用和径流量试验.pdfVIP

第 4O卷 第6期 武汉大学学报(工学版) Vo1．40 No．6 2007年12月 Engineering Journal of Wuhan University Dec．2007 文章编号：1671-8844(2007)06-0006-05 不同灌溉模式下稻田降雨利用和径流量试验 董 斌 ，霍军力 ，李新建 ，方荣杰 ，茆 智 (1．武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室，湖北 武汉 430072； 2．广西灌溉中心试验站，广西 桂林 541100) 摘要：对广西桂林不同降雨频率与不同灌溉方式下的降雨利用、径流量分析研究表明，晚稻降雨利用率远高于 早稻；早稻在“薄、浅、湿、晒”、间歇灌溉、传统灌溉模式下降雨利用率随降雨频率的增加呈缓慢上升趋势，而晚稻 节水灌溉模式下呈上凸趋势；早稻全生育期和晚稻分蘖期、拔节期径流量很大，对肥料流失产生不利影响．节水 灌溉模式能够提高降雨利用率，减少地表径流量．在干旱水文年份，早、晚稻问歇灌溉较其他灌溉方式提高降雨 利用率，减少地表径流量更显著． 关键词：水稻；灌溉管理；降雨频率；雨水利用；径流；广西桂林 中图分类号：S 274．2 文献标志码：A Experiment study on relation of rainfall utilization and runoff in paddy fields under different irrigation regimes DONG Bin ，HUO Junli ，LI Xinjian ，FANG Rongjie ，MAO Zhi (1．State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science，Wuhan University，Wuhan 430072，China；2．Guangxi Center Station of Irrigation and Drainage Experiment，Guilin 541100，China) Abstract：Based on the experimental data from Guilin Irrigation Experiment Station in Guangxi Autono— mous Region，the relation of rainfall utilization and surface runoff in paddy fields under different rainfall frequency and different irrigation regimes is studied；i．e、combining shallow water depth with wetting and drying(SWD)，intermitted submerged irrigation(ISI)and traditional flooding irrigation(FI)．The research results show：(1)the late rice used more rainfall water than early rice；(2)with the increasing of rainfall frequency，the rainfall utilization coefficient for early rice could improve slowly under all irri— gation regimes；but for late rice，the change in rainfall utilization is showed as convex curves under wa— ter saving irrigation regimes；(3)the surface runoff is large for the whole growth season of early rice．