核电厂主蒸汽管声波共振评估.pdf

2012 SIMULIA Regional User Meeting 核電廠主蒸汽管聲波共振評估 翁烔立 ,張漢洲 , 劉家銓 臺灣電力公司 核能安全處 摘要 美國多座核電廠在執行大幅度功率提升（Extended Power Uprate, EPU ）後，蒸汽乾燥器 （Steam Dryer ）發生一系列結構破壞問題，其肇因為主蒸汽管路（Main Steam Lines ）在高流量之蒸汽 下與連接安全釋壓閥（Safety and Relief Valves ）之直立管產生聲波共振現象（Acoustic Resonances ），共振之壓力波經由主蒸汽管路回傳至反應爐內之蒸汽乾燥器上，並對蒸汽乾燥 器施加反覆交變應力 (cyclic stress)造成疲勞破壞。本分析針對龍門核電廠一號機主蒸汽管路， 除採用 EPRI之BWRVIP-194所提供之數值解法外，並以 ABAQUS有限元素分析求解直立管之 激發頻率，配合實驗得出之斯特勞哈數 (Strouhal number) ，評估主蒸汽管路系統是否有聲波共 振之疑慮。 關鍵字：聲波共振、功率提升、蒸汽乾燥器、斯特勞哈數 ABSTRACT Many nuclear power plants in the United States experienced significant degradation in the steam dryers caused by acoustic resonance induced cyclic loads, particularly for those operating at extended power uprate (EPU) conditions associated with increased steam line flow velocities. These acoustic resonance pressure fluctuations were found to propagate acoustically through the main steam lines back to the reactor pressure vessel with the potential to damage the steam dryer. In this study, both the finite element method (ABAQUS) and the refined acoustic modeling proposed by EPRI BWRVIP-194 are used to calculate the excitation frequencies of the main steam line standpipes, then combined with appropriate Strouhal number to characterize the behavior of the standpipe combination considered. Keywords: Acoustic Resonance, Power Uprate, Steam Dryer, Strouhal Number 一、前言 的安全釋壓閥（ Safety and Relief Valves ，以 美國Quad Cities 核電廠二號機在執行 17% 下簡稱 SRV ）在高流量的蒸汽下產生聲波 的大幅度功率提升（ Extended Power Uprate, 共振現象（Acoustic Resonances ）。當蒸汽於 EPU ）之後，蒸汽乾燥器（Steam Dryer ）發 主蒸汽管路內流過一旁通的安全釋壓閥結 生一系列結構破壞問題。Dresden電廠的蒸 構時，在特定的流速下會造成