浮子式波浪能转换器运行特性的试验研究-水力发电学报.pdf

水力发电学报 2016 年第35 卷第7 期: 120-126 Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering, 2016, Vol. 35, No. 7: 120-126 浮子式波浪能转换器运行特性的试验研究 杨 岑，张永良 （清华大学 水利水电工程系 水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室，北京100084） 摘 要：浮子式波浪能转换器是将波浪能转换为液压能或电能的主要利用形式之一，其运行特性直接影响到波浪 能开发利用的可行性与有效性。本文对浮子式波浪能转换器的运行特性进行了物理试验研究，分析了不同波浪要 素、非线性外负载、装置几何布置和锚固方式条件下，波浪能转换器的浮子动力响应、活塞泵出水流量和装置转 换效率的变化规律。研究结果表明：固定尺寸的波浪能转换器在满足最优波频和外负载条件时可取得最大转换效 率；波浪能转换器的最优几何布置形式会受到外负载的影响，大负载作用下单浮子式波浪能转化器的效率值大于 其他布置方式；双浮子式波浪能转换器的锚固约束越少，转换效率越高。 关键词：波浪能转换器；单浮子；双浮子；流量；转换效率 中图分类号：P743.2 文献标志码：A DOI: 10.11660/slfdxb   Experimental study on operation characteristics of oscillating- buoy wave energy converters YANG Cen, ZHANG Yongliang (State Key Labortory of Hydro-science and Engineering, Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084) Abstract: Oscillating-buoy is a major type of wave energy converters (WECs) that convert wave energy into hydraulic or electric energy, and its performance significantly affects its availability and efficiency of wave energy utilization. This paper presents an experimental study on the operation characteristics of oscillating-buoy wave energy converters, and analyzes the effect of nonlinear external load, geometric arrangement and mooring system on dynamic responses, flow rate and conversion efficiency. The results show that for a fixed size WEC, the maximum efficiency can be achieved at its optimal wave frequency and external load. The optimal geometric arrangement depends on external load. For large external loads, a single buoy WEC has an efficiency greater than other geometric arrangements. The efficiency of a two- buoy WEC is increased when fewer moor