精确星光大气折射导航观测模型的研究.PDF

2006年 7月 北 京 航 空 航 天 大 学 学 报 July摇 2006 摇 第32卷 第7期 Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Vol.32摇 No郾7 精精确星光大气折射导航观测模型的研究 胡摇 静摇 摇 杨摇 博 (北京航空航天大学 宇航学院,北京 100083) 摇 摇 摘摇 摇 摇 要:高精度星光折射间接敏感地平的自主导航方法,目前被国内外广泛关注,由 于大气参数变化的不确定性,国内外现用星光折射模型有一定局限性,使得利用星光折射导航 定位精度大打折扣.根据大气密度随高度、纬度、季节等变化规律,有效改进现有固定高度 (25km)的观测模型,可从整体上提高自主导航精度及可靠性.并通过对大气折射原理、平流 层大气数据、大气模型以及影响星光折射观测模型的诸多因素的深入研究,建立了自适应连续 高度(20~50km)的星光折射观测模型,同时建立带摄动的系统方程,利用Unscented 卡尔曼 滤波算法进行了计算机仿真研究,并对仿真结果进行了误差分析. 关摇 键摇 词:航天器;导航;折射;观测模型;轨道摄动 + 中图分类号:V448.22 4 文献标识码:A摇 摇 摇 摇 文 章 编 号:1001鄄5965(2006)07鄄0773鄄05 Precise researchonstellar horizonatmospheric refraction model Hu Jing摇 Yang Bo (School of Astronautics,Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Beijing 100083,China) Abstract:The concept of stellar horizon atmosphericrefraction isconsideredto be one of the most prom鄄 ising conceptsfor satellite autonomous navigation. However,the precision of the method is limited due to the uncertainty of the stellar horizon atmospheric refraction model. According to the rule that atmospheric density would varywithaltitude,latitude,seasonandsoon,thefixedaltitudemeasurementmodel (25km)canbea鄄 vailably modified. Consequently,the navigation precision and dependability can be effectively improved. By thoroughly studying on the principle of the atmospheric refraction,the stratospheric atmosphere data,the at鄄 mospheric model and other factors related to the precision of the measurement model,a self鄄adapted continu鄄 ous altitude (20~50km)measurement modelwasestablished,and then the system modelwith the orbit per鄄 turbation was establishedaswell. Finally,asimulationexperimentwasperformedbyusingtheUnscentedKal鄄