认知视阈下方位介词off的语义分析.pdfVIP

第 38 卷第 3 期 唐山师范学院学报 2016 年 5 月 Vol.38 No.3 Journal of Tangshan Normal University May 2016 认知视阈下方位介词 off 的语义分析 章靓彦 （同济大学附属七一中学，上海 200040 ） 摘 要：从认知语言学视域看介词的多义性，词义以典型意义为中心，通过意象图式转换和隐喻映射从空 间域拓展到抽象域，从而形成语义链。基于语料库的研究表明，介词 off 的意象图式是路径图式，典型含义是 “从一地到另一地”，由意象图式转换形成动态空间含义“下降，脱离”与静态空间含义“距离，接近，终了”， 并通过隐喻映射形成抽象含义。其空间意义和隐喻意义具备对应关系，动态意义和静态意义具有转换关系。 关键词：off；认知；意象图式；空间隐喻；多义性 H030 A 1009-9115(2016)03-0035-05 中图分类号： 文献标识码： 文章编号： DOI ：10.3969/j.issn.1009-9115.2016.03.011 The Semantic Analysis on the Spatial Preposition “off” from the Perspective of Cognition ZHANG Liang-yan (Qiyi High School Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai 200040, China) Abstract: From the perspective of cognitive semantics, different senses of the spatial word off are attributed to the meaning chain extended from the central meaning by means of image schema and metaphorical mapping. The study based on the corpus reveals that the central meaning of off is “from one place to another”, and its image schema “path”. The former is extended to the other dynamic spatial meaning “down”, “removed” and static one “distance”, “closeness”, and “end” by the latter. On such basis, the correspondence between spatial and metaphorical senses, and transformation between dynamic and static senses is further explored. Key Words: off; cognition; image schema; spatial metaphor; polysemy 一、认知语言学背景下的语义研究 另一种意义的扩展方式是隐喻映射，即把一个相对 一词多义是语言的普遍现象。认知语言学的原型论 清晰的始源域的图式结构映射到一个相对模糊的目标 对多义词研究产生了重大影响。“一项词义可能比另一 域上