Knowledge of poetry英文资料.docVIP

Knowledge of poetry I. Rhythm(韵律) 1.syllable: a word or part of a word which contains one vowel sound(元音). 2. Stress: a word or part of a word which should be pronounced with more force. 3. Rhythm: In English, words of two syllables always contain one that is stressed syllable and one that is unstressed; longer words contain one stressed syllable and two or more unstressed syllables. Unstressed syllables are marked with a curve “︶” and stressed, with a dash “—”. e.g. above suffer around standing terrible disaster political procession In a line of poetry, when the stressed and unstressed syllables of all the words are arranged in a definite order, the line will rise and fall in a musical way. And this musical flow, or the rise and fall of language in poetry, is called “rhythm”. e.g. My heart is like a singing bird. II. foot(音步) 1. definition: foot is the unit of rhythm and contains two or three syllables, one of which is stressed. 2. 4 kinds of foot: A. iambus(︶—): consists of one unstressed syllable followed by one stressed syllable. e.g. Appear, besides , attack , supply. B. Trochee(—︶): consists of one stressed syllable followed by one unstressed syllable. e.g. holy, upper, failing C. anapaest(︶︶—):consists of two unstressed syllables followed by one stressed syllable. e.g. reappear, indistinct, incomplete, on the hill D. dactyl(—︶︶): consists of one stressed syllable followed by two unstressed syllables. e.g. messenger, merrily , property , accident III. meter(格律) 1. The meter of a line of poetry is determined by the kind of foot used and by the number of feet in a line. The longest poetical line contains 8 feet. Monometer单音步诗行, dimeter二音步诗行, trimeter三音步诗行, tetrameter四音步诗行, pentameter五音步诗行, hexameter六音步诗行, heptameter七音步诗行, octameter八音步诗行 （八步格）. A line of five iambic feet is an iambic pentameter line. A line of six dactylic feet is a dactylic hexameter line. e.g. but every eye was fixed on her alone. On her white breast a sparkling cross she wore IV.Rime R