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Decision Support Systems 42 (2006) 1872 – 1888
/locate/dss
Understanding knowledge sharing in virtual communities: An
integration of social capital and social cognitive theories
Chao-Min Chiu a,⁎, Meng-Hsiang Hsu b , Eric T.G. Wang c
a Department of Information Management, National Central University, Jhongli, Taiwan, ROC
b Department of Information Management, National Kaohsiung First University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
c Department of Information Management, School of Management, National Central University, Jhongli, Taiwan, ROC
Received 18 March 2005; received in revised form 3 March 2006; accepted 2 April 2006
Available online 5 June 2006
Abstract
The biggest challenge in fostering a virtual community is the supply of knowledge, namely the willingness to share knowledge
with other members. This paper integrates the Social Cognitive Theory and the Social Capital Theory to construct a model for
investigating the motivations behind peoples knowledge sharing in virtual communities. The study holds that the facets of social
capital — social interaction ties, trust, norm of reciprocity, identification, shared vision and shared language — will influence
individuals knowledge sharing in virtual communities. We also argue that outcome expectations — community-related outcome
expectations and personal outcome expectations — can engender knowledge sharing in virtual communities. Data collected from
310 members of one professional virtual community provide support for the proposed model. The results help in identifying the
motivation underlying individuals knowledge sharing behavior in profe
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