斯坦福大学分子生物学课件-Translation1.pdf

Translation I Gerhard Wagner BCMP200 12/2/2002 wagner@ Overview • Lecture 1 – Events of translation: • initiation, elongation, termination, folding – Machinery involved in translation • tRNAs, synthetases, ribosomes, translation factors – General regulatory mechanisms • Lecture 2 – Initiation • Lecture 3 – Elongation, termination, protein folding – regulation – Methods for studying translation Translation - big picture Termination: Initiation: Recruit Elongation: Stop synthesis, release protein fMet-tRNAMet, mRNA, large particle Synthesize protein Events of Translation • Initiation (very different between prokaryotes and eukaryotes) – Dissociation of ribosome – Binding of initiation factor (IF 1/eIF 1A) to A-site of small subunit – Binding of other factors – Recruitment of f-Met-tRNAMet to P-site of small particle – Recruitment of mRNA to small particle – Binding of large particle - dissociation of initiation factors • Elongation (similar between pro- and eukaryotes) – Entry of aa-tRNA to A-site – Peptide-bond formation – Translocation of mRNA and tRNAs to P and E sites – Entry of next aa-tRNA to A-site etc. • Termination (similar between pro- and eukaryotes) – Entry of release factor to recognize termination codon – Exit of polypeptide and release factors • Protein folding Players of translation • Ribosome (RNA, proteins) • mRNA • tRNA • Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases • Translation factors (initiation, elongation,termination) Differences between eubacteria and eukaryotes Bacteria