（参考翻译）7.1Airway Management+魏珂.pptVIP

Full Preparation 充分准备 Patients 病人 Apparatus 设备 Plan of intubation 插管计划 5.3.2 Anticipated difficult airway 预期困难气道 The safest plan for most cases of anticipated difficulty airway is to perform awake tracheal intubation 清醒气管插管 under local anesthesia 局部麻醉. Call for help and assisted ventilation with face mask Awakening the patient, waiting for recovery of spontaneous breathing 自主呼吸 LMA Thyrocricoid puncture 环甲膜穿刺 and jet ventilation 喷射通气 5.3.3 Unanticipated difficult airway 未预料困难气道 Treatments 处理方法 Ventilation is more important than intubation 通气比插管更重要 ! Basic algorithm of the Difficult Airway Society (DAS) guidelines for the management of unanticipated difficult tracheal intubation. Anaesthesia 59:675-694, 2004.) Anatomy of airway 气道解剖 Airway assessment 气道评估 Etiology and treatment of anatomical airway obstruction气道阻塞的病因及治疗手段 Tools to open airway and airway treatment skills 困难气道管理 Face mask 面罩 Oropharyngeal airway 口咽导气管 Nasopharyngeal airway 鼻咽导气管 Laryngeal mask airway, LMA 喉罩 Tracheal intubation 气管插管 Thyrocricocentesis 环甲膜穿刺 Tracheotomy 气管切开术 5. Difficult airway management 困难气道管理 Definition of difficult airway 困难气道的定义 Common types of difficult airway 困难气道的常见类型 Treatment principles 处理原则 Key Points Thank you 2016.08 3.3.3 Laryngospasm 喉痉挛 最好的治疗是预防! 病因 表现 治疗 在低水平的麻醉下发生的诸如气管插管和拔管等局部刺激 伴有或不伴有缺氧和CO2潴留 吸气性呼吸困难 喘鸣 发绀 SpO2下降 麻醉程度适当 防止缺氧和CO2潴留 辅助通气 肌松药和气管插管 Head tilt/chin lift 头倾斜/下巴抬起 Jaw thrust 托下颌 Maneuvers to open airway 开放气道演示 3.2 Lower airway obstruction 下呼吸道阻塞 3.2.1 Secretion, foreign body, blood 3.2.2 Bronchospasm Etiology Manifestation Treatment Allergy Secretion Vomitus Expiratory dyspnea Oxygen inhalation Salbutamo (ventolin) Ipratropium bromide Glucocorticoid Aminophylline 3.2 Lower airway obstruction 下呼吸道阻塞 3.2.1 分泌物、异物、血液 3.2.2 支气管痉挛 病因 表现 治疗 过敏 分泌物 呕吐物 呼气性呼吸困难 吸氧 沙丁胺醇 异丙托溴铵 糖皮质激素 氨茶碱 Face mask 面罩 Oropharyngeal airway 口咽导气管 Nasopharyngeal airway 鼻咽导气管 Laryngeal mask airway, LMA 喉罩 Tracheal intubation 气管插管 Thyro