（参考翻译）GJC-CVD.pptVIP

MCA occlusion MCA闭塞 Complete block 完全阻塞: 3 HEMIs: contralateral hemiplegia 对侧偏瘫, hemianesthesia 偏身感觉障碍, homonymous hemianopia 同侧偏盲 Gaze preference to ipsilateral side 注视患侧（？） Advanced brain function 高级大脑功能 Aphasia 失语症, anosognosia 病觉缺失, constructional apraxia 结构性失用 Vertibral arteries occlusion 椎动脉闭塞 Wallenberg Syn.(lateral medullary syn. 侧髓综合征) VIII, IX, X cranial nerve: Vertigo 眩晕, hoarseness 声嘶, dysarthria 构音障碍, dysphagia 吞咽困难, Crossed surface sensory loss 交叉表面感觉丧失: ipsilateral face and contralateral trunk and limb 同侧面部和对侧躯干与四肢 Horner’s sign (ipsilateral 同侧) Ataxia 共济失调(ipsilateral 同侧) Cerebellar infarction 小脑梗塞 Gait unsteadiness 步态不稳 ,nausea 恶心, vomiting 呕吐, with headache 伴头痛, neck stiffness 颈项强直 Edema can lead to sudden respiratory arrest 水肿可导致突发性呼吸停止 Basilar artery occlusion 基底动脉闭塞 Three groups: paramedian 中央旁(7-10 branches), short circumferential 短周(5-7) and bilateral long circumferential 双侧长周(SCA 小脑上动脉 and AICA 前下小脑动脉) Affects corticospinal and corticobulbar tracts 影响皮质脊髓和皮质延髓束, ascending sensory tracts and cranial nerve nuclei 提升感觉束和脑神经核（？） (sensory + motor+ cranial nerves 颅神经 +cerebellum) Complete block usually causes bilateral signs 双侧症状 Common syndromes 常见症状: basilar artery occlusion 基底动脉闭塞 Medial inferior pontine syn. 内侧下桥综合征(Millard-Gubler Syn.) Ipsilateral facial and abduct nerve palsy 同侧面部及外展神经麻痹 Contrlateral hemiparalysis 健侧偏瘫 Lock-in syn. 禁闭综合征 (bilateral pontine infarction 双侧脑桥梗死) Preserved consciousness 意识存在 Quadriplegia and lower cranial nerve signs 四肢瘫痪和低位颅神经体征 Top of the basilar syn. 基底动脉尖综合征(TOBS, SCA 小脑上动脉+PCA 大脑后动脉) Rostral brain stem 延髓脑干: dysfunctional eye movement 眼球运动异常 and pupil(anisocoria,瞳孔不等), disturbance of consciousness 意识障碍, hypersomnia 嗜睡 PCA: memory loss 记忆丧失, homonymous hemianopia 同侧偏盲 Hallucination of cerebral peduncle 大脑脚幻觉（？）: animated 活跃, vivid 生动的 charateristics TOBS 基底动脉尖综合征 PCA occlusion PCA闭塞 Cortical branches 皮质支: contralateral homonymous hemianopia 对侧同向偏盲 with macula sparing 抽出黄斑（？） , acute disturbance of memory