1.（网 英文)龋病2016.pdfVIP

重医附一院口腔科 唐明 1.Definition Dental caries is caused by certain organism of the oral flora （菌丛）. It is an irreversible, slowly progressive decay of the hard tissues of individual teeth. characterstic •the high incidence : 40-65% ↑ •a multifactorial disease •a chronic disease •hard tissues of tooth: (enamel,cementum,dentin) •an irreversible decay The carious process demineralization of apatites （磷灰石脱矿） decomposition of organic substance （有机物分解） disintegration （崩解）of tooth structures cavitation （洞腔形成） 2.Four Factors theory Four Factors Is Essential For The Initiation Of Dental Caries Namely: √ Cariogenic bacteria √ Food √ Host √ Time Dental Plaque （牙菌斑） streptococcus mutans （变形链球菌） lactobacillus （乳酸杆菌） actinomyces （放线菌属） √ Food ① Refined carbohydrates(精制碳水化合物) such as sucrose蔗糖provide a suitable substrate on which the cariogenic micro-organisms act to produce the acids that lead to dissolution of the hard dental tissues ② Caries experience is influenced by the quantity, quality and especially frequency of consumption of the refined carbohydrate √Host • Tooth morphology bacterial plaque is an essential precursor of caries , sites on the tooth surface which favour palque retention and stagnation are particularly prone to decay • Saliva under normal conditions, the tooth is continually bathed in saliva. It is capable of remineralizing the early carious lesion because it is supersaturated with Ca and P. when salivary buffering capacity has been lost, a low Ph environment is encouraged and persists longer • Fluoride particular interest was the discovery of the association