现代处理器简介.pptVIP

23 Aug 2005 Lecture 1: Intro and Performance CS8803: Advanced Microarchitecture Lecture 1: Intro and Performance August 23, 2005 Prof. Gabriel H. Loh College of Computing Georgia Institute of Technology Administrivia Course Webpage: /classes/AY2006/cs8803ama_fall Office Hours: T/Th 6-7pm (after class) Textbook: J.P. Shen M. Lipasti “Modern Processor Design: Fundamentals of Superscalar Processors”, McGraw-Hill, 2005 (NOT “beta edition”) Exams: Exam 1: Thu, September 29, 2005, In class Exam 2: Thu, October 27, 2005, In class Final: TBD Lectures No attendance taken But not all material covered is in the textbook Yes, it’s late in the afternoon Feel free to consume caffeinated beverages in class Make sure to clean up after yourself Grading In order of decreasing weight: Term Project: 30% Final Exam: 20% Participation: 15% Homework: 15% Exams, 10% each Participation This is specifically for the case-study discussions later in the semester (Nov 1 – Dec 1) Full policies on the course webpage Overview Weeks 1-2: Review (lecture) Weeks 3-10: Microarchitecture in Detail (lecture) Weeks 11-15: Case studies (discussion) Week 16: Project presentations Historical Perspectives 1970’s: Birth of Microprocessors Programmable Controller Single-Chip Microprocessors Personal Computers (PC) 1980’s: Quantitative Architecture Instruction Pipelining Fast Cache Memories Compiler Considerations Workstations 1990’s: Instruction Level Parallelism Superscalar, Speculative Microarchitectures Aggressive Compiler Optimizations Low-Cost Desktop Supercomputing Evolution of Single-Chip mProc’s Performance Growth in Perspective 1982-2000: Doubling every 18 months Total of 3,200X Cars would travel at 176,000 mph, get 64,000 MPG Air Travel: LA to NY in 5.5 seconds (MACH 3200) 1971-2001: Doubling every 24 months Total of 36,000X Cars: 2.4M mph, 600,000 MPG Air: LA to NY in 0.5s (MACH 36,000) Convergence of Multiple Technologies CMOS VLSI Submicron device sizes: 0.35mm ? 0.25mm ? 0.13mm ? 90nm ? … ? ???