去皮豆粕对幼建鲤生长性能的影响及其肠道作用机制研究.doc

去皮豆粕对幼建鲤生长性能和肠道的影响 张锦秀，2， 周小秋1， 刘扬1 （1．四川农业大学 动物营养研究所，四川 雅安 625014） （2．四川省畜牧科学研究院 动物营养研究所，四川 成都 610066） 摘要：幼建鲤(Cyprinus carpio Var.Jian)初始体重（10.29±0.10）g，分别饲喂去皮豆粕蛋白占总蛋白0、25%、50%、75%和100%的等氮饲料代替白鱼粉蛋白，进行为期9周的生长试验。结果表明，随去皮豆粕增加，SGR下降，饲料系数升高。当替代50%时，SGR、肠重和前肠后肠皱襞高度显著降低(P0.05)，饲料系数、中肠后肠溶菌酶含量和抗体水平显著升高(P0.05)；50%～100%大豆蛋白组出现肠道皱襞顶端上皮细胞脱落、固有层白细胞数量增多等症状。由本结果可知，高比例去皮豆粕抑制幼建鲤生长与肠道生长受阻和结构受损导致消化吸收能力下降从而降低饲料利用率有关；肠道损伤的原因涉及肠道非特异性和特异性免疫反应；在总蛋白水平为33%时，去皮豆粕在10～35g幼建鲤饲料中替代白鱼粉蛋白的适宜比例为25%。 关键词：幼建鲤；去皮豆粕；生长性能；肠道；免疫 Effect of dehulled soybean meal on growth performance and intestine of juvenile Jian carp(Cyprinus carpio Var.Jian) ZHANG Jin-xiu, ZHOU Xiao-qiu Institute of Animal Nutrition，Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya‘an, 625014) Institute of Animal Nutrition，Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, 610066) Abstract：In the growth trial, 720 juvenile Jian carps (Cyprinus carpio Var.Jian) with initial body weight of (10.29±0.10)g were averagely allocated to 5 groups with 3 replications, feeding isonitrogenous (330.0 g·kg-1diet) diets with white fish meal protein replaced by 0, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% DSBM protein for 9 weeks, respectively. The results showed that DSBM suppressed SGR and feed conversion rate. SGR, intestine weight, height of proximal and distal intestinal folds were significantly decreased at 50% substitution（P﹤0.05）, while feed coefficient, lysozyme content and antibody level of mid and distal intestine increased at the same time（P﹤0.05）. At 50%～100% replacement, pathological disruption of the proximal and distal intestine was seen, characterized by sloughing of epithelium cell, widening of lamina propria and increasing amounts of leukocytes in it. It suggested that high level dietary DSBM impaired growth and feed utilization of juvenile Jian carps, relating to suppression of intestine digestible ability through decreasing intestine growth and disruption of the mucosal. The mucosal disruption involved change of intestinal non-specific and specific immune induced by DSBM.