模拟氮沉降对瓦屋山常绿阔叶次生林土壤呼吸的影响 - 应用与环境生物 .doc

模拟氮沉降对瓦屋山常绿阔叶次生林土壤呼吸的影响* 彭 勇1 陈 刚1 陈冠陶1 梁 政1 涂利华1** 1四川农业大学林学院 雅安 625014 摘 要 为理解氮沉降持续增加对次生林生态系统碳循环相关过程的影响，2013年5月开始对瓦屋山常绿阔叶次生林进行模拟氮沉降试验，氮沉降水平分别为对照（CK，0 kg N? hm–2? a–1）、低氮（LN，50 kg N? hm–2? a–1）和高氮（HN，150 kg N? hm–2? a–1）。于2013年9月至2014年8月，每月下旬采用LI-8100开路式土壤碳通量测量系统测定土壤呼吸速率。结果表明：瓦屋山常绿阔叶次生林土壤呼吸速率季节变化明显，7月最高（2.77 μmol·m?2·s?1），1月最低（0.46 μmol·m?2·s?1）。该次生林累积土壤碳排放量为591 g C ·m?2·a?1。土壤呼吸与土壤温度呈极显著正指数相关，与土壤湿度无显著关系。模拟氮沉降显著抑制了土壤呼吸，高氮处理年均土壤呼吸速率显著较对照下降31.4%。基于土壤温度的土壤呼吸Q10值为2.63，低氮和高氮处理Q10值分别较对照增加16%和33%。在该生态系统土壤氮含量较高的背景下，模拟氮沉降可能加剧了土壤碳限制，通过减缓植物根系生长和降低土壤微生物生物量抑制了土壤CO2排放。 关键词 氮沉降；土壤呼吸；Q10；根长密度；微生物生物量；常绿阔叶次生林 Effects of simulated nitrogen deposition on soil respiration in a secondary evergreen broad-leaved forest, Wawushan Mountain* PENG Yong1, CHEN Gang1, CHEN Guantao1, LIANG Zheng1 TU Lihua1** College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, China Abstract Objectives: To understanding the effect of nitrogen deposition on forest ecosystem carbon cycle, the response of soil respiration to nitrogen deposition is needed to be known. This paper aimed to reveal the soil respiration response mode to nitrogen deposition and its mechanism in a secondary evergreen broad-leaved forest in Wawushan Mountain. Methods: From May 2013, a field experiment including three treatments was conducted in this secondary forest, i. e.，no N added (control), 50 kg N? hm–2? a–1 (low-N), and 150 kg N? hm–2? a–1 (high-N). From September 2013 to August 2014, the author used LI-8100 to investigate the soil respiration rate at the end of each month. Results: Soil respiration rate of the secondary forest had an obvious seasonal change, with the maximum (2.77 μmol·m?2·s?1) in July and the minimum (0.46 μmol·m?2·s?1) in January. In the secondary forest, cumulative soil carbon emissions was 591 g C· m?2· a?1. Soil respiration rate had significant positive exponential relationships with soil temperature, but had no significant relationships with soil moisture. Soil respiration was significa