石墨的特性与用途（Properties and USES of graphite）.docVIP

石墨的特性与用途（Properties and USES of graphite） Graphite property Graphite is the crystalline mineral of the carbonaceous element, and its crystalline lattice is hexagonal layered structure, as shown in figure 1-1. The distance between each layer is 3.40, and the spacing of carbon atoms in the same net layer is 1.42 A. It is a six-square crystal system with a complete layered cleavage. The cleavage surface is mainly the molecular bond, and the molecular attraction is weak, so its natural buoyancy is very good. Graphite soft, black grey; It has a greasy feel and can contaminate paper. The hardness is 1 ~ 2, and the hardness can be increased to 3 ~ 5 along the vertical direction with impurities. The proportion is 1.9 ~ 2.3. Under the condition of starvation, its melting point above 3000 ℃, is one of the most heat-resistant mineral. There is no pure graphite in nature, which often contains Si02, A1203, Fe0, CaO, P2O5, Cu0 and other impurities. These impurities are often found in minerals such as quartz, pyrite and carbonate. In addition, there are water, asphalt, CO2, H2, CH4, N2 and other gas parts. Therefore, in addition to determination of fixed carbon content, the content of volatile and ash content must be measured. The technological properties of graphite are mainly determined by its crystalline form. The crystalline form of graphite minerals has different industrial values and USES. In industry, natural graphite is divided into three types according to the crystalline form. 1. Dense crystalline graphite Dense crystalline graphite is also called blocky graphite. Such graphite crystals are clearly visible to the naked eye. Particle diameter is greater than 0.1 mm. The crystals are arranged in a disorganized and dense structure. This kind of: the characteristic of graphite is high grade, the average carbon content is 60 ~ 65 %, sometimes reach 80 ~ 98%, but its malleable and slippery sex is not as good as flake graphite is good. 2. Flake graphite Graphite crystals are s