宏观经济学考点（macroeconomics）.docVIP

宏观经济学考点（macroeconomics） Noun explanation 1. Nominal GDP: the market value of the market based on the market price of that year 2. Real GDP: GDP based on the base year price as the constant price 3. Multiplier effect: an increase in a project of total expenditure will bring a multiplier of total output and total expenditure The amplification of output. 4. Marginal propensity to consume: the ratio between increased consumption and increased income, i.e., the increase of 1 unit Used to increase the consumption part of the ratio of the formulization: MPC = Δ C/Δ Y. 5. Marginal propensity to save: the percentage of savings that is used to increase a unit of income per unit of income. Its used to measure A concept of the extent to which the income increase causes the increase in savings, i.e., the marginal propensity to save is the amount of change in the household savings per unit of income per unit of income. 6. The liquidity trap: when interest rates are low, people fully believe interest rates will not fall, bond prices will fall will not rise, speed when people choose to sell bonds, currency speculative demand increased rapidly, market liquidity is great. 7. Internal stabilizer of fiscal policy: there are some fiscal policies which have the mechanism of automatic adjustment of economic stability due to their own characteristics. 8. Mandatory statutory reserve ratio: the central bank reserve requirements on commercial Banks with the lowest (the central bank on the basis of legal mandate is the commercial Banks must keep the minimum inventory cash account for all of its absorbing deposit ratio.) 9. Investment function: the interdependence of various factors that influence investment. 10. Permanent consumption hypothesis: peoples consumption has nothing to do with the current income, income is only related to peoples permanent income (that is, rational consumers in order to realize the maximization of the effect is not according to the current temporary income, but acco