计算机组成原理.TXT（Computer composition principle. TXT）.docVIP

计算机组成原理.TXT（Computer composition principle. TXT） The first chapter 1, electronic computer, electronic analog computer and electronic digital computer) is a kind of directly without human intervention, can automatically, high-speed and accurate to deal with all kinds of information and storage of electronic equipment. In the electronic analog computer, the quantity of continuous change is processed, and the operation process is continuous. The information processed in the electronic digital computer is the discrete number of time, and the process of operation is discontinuous. The characteristics of 2, von neumann computer (stored program) : a, a computer (hardware) by arithmetic unit, memory, controller, input devices and output devices of five basic parts; B. The computer USES binary to represent instructions and data; C. Store programmed and raw data in storage before starting the computer. The main weakness of von neumanns computer: memory access is called a bottleneck. It is usually referred to as the central processing unit (CPU). The CPU and the main memory (internal memory) make up the host part. Removing the hosts unexpected hardware is called a peripheral or external device. A bus is a set of common information transmission lines that can serve multiple parts, and it can send and receive information from each component. The simplest bus structure is a single bus (system bus). 6. The upward (lower) compatibility refers to the program that is programmed by a certain class of machine, which can be run on a machine that is higher (lower) than it is. Forward (after) compatibility refers to a process that is programmed by some type of machine to be put into the market at a certain time. Without modification, it will be able to run on the machine that was put into the market before it (after). A real machine is a machine that is implemented by hardware or firmware. A virtual machine is a machine that is implemented primarily by software or software. 8, the main pe