dos_shell命令文件名匹配输出重定向（The dos_shell command filename matches the output redirection）.docVIP

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dos_shell命令文件名匹配输出重定向（The dos_shell command filename matches the output redirection）.doc

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dos_shell命令文件名匹配输出重定向（The dos_shell command filename matches the output redirection）

dos_shell命令文件名匹配输出重定向（The dos_shell command filename matches the output redirection） File name match/output redirection One, file name match File name matching allows you to specify multiple files without having to name each. You will use some special characters called wildcards. Suppose you want to delete all files that end in a string .bak with rm command. You can also use the wildcard * : in addition to following all the filenames as parameters after rm : The rm *. Bak * can match one or more characters. In this example, you tell the shell to extend the parameters of the command rm to all files that end with *.bak, and the shell tells the rm command with the extended parameters. As you will see, the shell reads and interprets the command line before the command executes. Because of this, you can use wildcards for the parameters of the shell command. Lets take a closer look at the wildcard *. Suppose you have a directory containing documents 124. Bak , 346. Bak and 583. Bak. You want to keep the file 583. Bak. The rm * 4 *. Bak The shell extends * 4 *.bak to all strings containing 4 and ending with .bak . Notice that rm 4 *.bak is unable to work, because this matches the file at the beginning of 4. Since there is no such file in the directory, the shell extends this pattern to an empty string, so rm will return an error message: Rm: always remove ` 4 *. Bak : No to the file or directory If you want to keep the file 345. Bak, and delete 124. Bak and 583. Bak. This may seem a bit difficult because the name of the deleted file is different except for the suffix. Fortunately, you can specify the file in no way: Rm *! [6]. Bak This will be read as: in addition to files ending with 6.bak, delete all other files that end with .bak . You must put the negation sign and the anti-character (here is 6) in parentheses, or the shell will interpret the exclamation mark as the beginning of a history substitution. The inverse is valid in all the matching modes described in this ar