动、名词变化规则及练习.doc.docVIP

一动词第三人称单数变化规则 1、大多数动词在词尾加“S”在清辅音后发音为[s]，在浊辅音及元音后发音为 [z]。如：①stop－stops [s] ; make－makes [s] 2、以辅音字母加“y”结尾的，要先将“y”变为“i”，然后在加“es”读[iz] 如：fly－flies [z]； carry－carries [z] 3、以“s, x, ch, sh”结尾的，在词尾加“es”，发音为[iz] 如：teach－teaches [iz]; watch－watches [iz] 4、以“o”结尾的动词，加“es”，读[z] 如：go－goes [z] 二动词变现在分词的变化规则1. 直接在动词原形后面加-ing。如：read – reading cook – cooking talk– talking 2.以不发音的字母e结尾的动词把e去掉加-ing。如：write → writing make → making 3.以一个辅音字母加一个元音字母结尾的重读闭音节单词, 要双写最后一个辅音字母再加-ing。如：run → running cut → cutting swim → swimming 、动词的过去式及过去分词的构成规则动词的变化： 动 词 特 征 变???? 化 例???? 词 一般动词 词尾加-ed look- looked, looked 以e结尾 词尾加-d live- lived, lived 以“辅音字母+Y”结尾 变y为i，再加-ed carry-carried, carried 以重读闭音节或r音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母 双写该辅音字母，再加-ed stop- stopped, stopped 四名词单复数详解 (1).名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词，不可数名词没有单复数，一律看作单数。例如：food, meat, bread, tea, water, milk, ink, orange, drink, rice, 等。 (2).可数名词的单数前什么时候用a，什么时候用an? 答：以元音音标开头的用an,以辅音音标开头的用a。注意：我们看的是音标，而不是元音字母。 1选择a或an或者不填(用/来表示) pen bag apple big apple banana orange orange pen hour 小时 house [haus]房子 umbrella 雨伞 university大学 2用a/an填空： ①Is it Chinese book or English book? ②This is ring, and it is orange ring. ③Mary is English teacher. Tom is Chinese teacher. ④This is bike. It’s old bike. ⑤This is telephone number. ⑥That is ID card. ⑦I lost my keys. It’s set of keys. ⑧It’s apple, not pear. ⑨This is peach. That’s orange. ⑩You have banana, but I have egg. ①Is there umbrella on the desk? ②There is island in the sea. ③There is picture on the card. ④I have old book. ⑤ apple is a kind of fruit. ⑥There is armchair in the living room. ⑦I’d like egg. ⑧Look