精馏 图例（Distillation legend）.docVIP

精馏 图例（Distillation legend） Distillation legend Distillation principle, process, equipment, process and so on are introduced and calculated Distillation principle * principle of handling liquid mixtures, using the volatility of each component, heating the solution to a boiling state, the gas phase product will have a higher volatile composition than the raw material The volatile components: low boiling point components; The volatile components: high boiling point components. * unlike evaporation: the solute in the evaporation is nonvolatile Types of distillation operations * by means of operation: continuous distillation and batch distillation; * by means of separation: balanced distillation, simple distillation, rectification, special rectification; * according to the operation pressure, it is divided into normal pressure, compression and decompression; * group fraction: two component distillation and multiple component distillation Gas-liquid phase equilibrium relationship In distillation operation, the degree of equilibrium between two phases is the driving force of mass transfer, and the process limit is the equilibrium of two phases * gas-liquid phase equilibria can be expressed as: The use of saturated vapor pressure, according to Raouls law and Daltons law. The gas-liquid equilibrium equation by the relative volatility to; The phase diagram, according to test data. The vapor-liquid equilibrium relationship of two component systems represented by saturated vapor pressure When the matter is balanced, the composition of the volatile component in the liquid phase is: * the composition of the volatile component in the gas phase is: Gas liquid equilibrium relation of two component systems represented by relative volatility * relative volatility alpha = * gas liquid equilibrium equation (remove subscript): Phase diagram description * phase diagram t-x-y:, two lines, three zones, five states * the essence of phase diagram x-y: is the expression of the equation of gas-