论文 Microstructure, electrical properties, and dc aging characteristics.pdfVIP

J Mater Sci (2008) 43:2857–2864 DOI 10.1007/s10853-007-2263-9 Microstructure, electrical properties, and dc aging characteristics of Tb O -doped ZnO-based varistors 4 7 Choon-Woo Nahm Received: 28 April 2007 / Accepted: 26 October 2007 / Published online: 9 February 2008 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2008 Abstract The microstructure, electrical properties, and energy from overstress conditions such as lightning, dc-accelerated aging characteristics of Tb O -doped ZnO- inductive load switching, electromagnetic pulses, or elec- 4 7 based varistors were investigated for different Tb4O7 trostatic discharges. Therefore, electrical and electronic amounts and sintering temperatures. The sintered density systems should be protected from various surges. One way increased with increasing Tb4O7 amount and sintering to overcome these surges is to enhance the insulating temperature. The average grain size decreased with strength for devices and systems. Another way is to use increasing Tb4O7 amount and increased with increasing varistors. Zinc oxide (ZnO) varistors are smart two-terminal sintering temperature. The varistor voltage and nonlinear semiconductor-ceramic devices made by sintering ZnO coefficient increased with increasing Tb4O7 amount and powder with small amounts of minor additives, containing decreased with increasing sintering temperature. The sta- varistor-forming oxides (VFO) such as Bi O , Pr O , 2 3 6 11 bility was worse with increasing Tb O amount for the V O , BaO, La O , and so on [1, 2]. They