城市及建筑专业英语Chapter Four Urban Morphology.docxVIP

Chapter Four: Urban Morphology‘！. ,1. .,ii. .二， .：、.丨11.. [‘yJ ■■‘！! 1? ?！? ‘ d‘，；.. ,、. \ V ,广.,：?.:...、Article： Urban Morphology城市形态学是研究城市物质形态的演变特征和内在动因的一门学科，探讨城市地块、街道格局、建筑的动态演变过程及其内在的文化、政治、经济影响因素。本文全面介绍了城市形态学旳概念、研究元素、研究方法、原理以及主要的研究流派。‘ ■ ‘ ‘ 1 ‘‘‘(?丨,；⑷丨 ’二 ■城市形态学的概念城市形态与城市形态学城市形态学研究大都市区、城市或村庄的空间结构与特征演变过程rban morphology is the study of the city as human habitat. Urban morphologists analyze a citys evolution from its formative years to its subsequent transformations ，identifying and dissectingits various components. The city is the accumulation and the integration of many individual and small group actions governed by cultural traditions and shaped by social and economic forces over time. Urban morphologists study the outcomes of ideas and intentions as they take shape on the ground and mold cities. Buildings, gardens, streets, parks, and monuments, are among the main elements of morphological analysis.Urban form and urban morphologyUrban morphology is the study of the form of human settlements and the process of their formation and transformation. The study seeks to understand the spatial structure and character of a metropolitan area, city, town or village by examining the patterns of its component parts and the process of its development. This can involve the analysis of physical structures at different scales as well as patterns of movement, land use, ownership or control and occupation. Typically, analysis of physical form focuses on street pattern, lot (or, in the UK, plot) pattern城市形态学研究城市形态如何随时间进行演变城市形态学也研究城市组织与肌理城市形态学的原理形态转化时间城市细胞与规划单元城市细胞的组成元素城市细胞受历史阶段和社会经济背景ands building pattern, sometimes referred to collectively as urban grain. Analysis of specific settlements usually uses cartographic sources and the process of development is deduced from comparison of historic maps.Urban morphology is, simply defined, the study of urban form. Special attention is given to how the physical form of a city changes over time and to how different cities compare to each o