数论讲义-advancedPQa.pdfVIP

ADVANCEDPROBLEMSAND SOLUTIONS Edited by Raymond E* Whitney Please send all communications concerning ADVANCED PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS to RAYMOND E. WHITNEY, MATHEMATICS DEPARTMENT, LOCK HAVEN UNIVERSITY, LOCK HAVEN, PA 17745. This department especially welcomesproblems believed to be new or extending old results. Proposers should submit solutions or other information that will assist the editor. Tofacilitate their consideration, all solutions should be submitted on separate signed sheets within two months afterpublication of theproblems. PROBLEMS PROPOSED IN THIS ISSUE H-529 Proposed by Paul S. Bruckman, Highwood, IL 2 2 2 Let p denote the set of Pythagorean triples (a, b0 c) such that a +b - c . Find all pairs of integers m, n 0 such that (a, b, c) = (F F , F F , F F„ ) ep. m n m+l n+2 m+2 +l H-530 Proposed by Andre] Dujella, University-ofZagreb, Croatia Let k(n) be the period of a sequence of Fibonacci numbers {F^ modulo n. Prove that k(n) 6n for any positive integer n. Find all positive integers n such that k(n) = 6n. H-531 Proposed by Paul S. Bruckman, Highwood, IL 2 2 Consider the sum S = l^it(n)In , where f(l) = l and t(n) = Hpl „(l-p~ )~\ n 1, the product taken over all prime/? dividing n. Evaluate S and show that it is rational. SOLUTIONS Comment by H.-J. Seiffert Correction : The identity of Problem H-510 should read