在分词作定语和宾语补足语.pptVIP

Unit 20 Grammar part 现在分词作 定语和宾语补足语 * 现在分词作定语和宾语补足语 1. Dustin Hoffman is famous for his role acting as a woman. 2. Two days later, I received a letter offering me the job. 3. At one time in a show, you can see the audience laughing loudly. 4. For a moment I saw him thinking. * 现在分词作定语时，一个单词应放在被修饰词的前边；现在分词短语则必须置于其后。例如： 升起的太阳 the rising sun 令人惊讶的消息 the surprising news 下一学年 the coming school year 受苦的人民 the suffering people 放在桌子上的钱夹 the wallet lying on the desk 站在树下的男孩 the boy standing under the tree * 现在分词作定语，意义上接近一个定语从句，表示一个正在进行的动作或者表示一个主动的动作。例如： 中国是一个发展中国家。 China is a developing country (= China is a country which is developing. ). 要去徒步旅游的学生在这里签名。 Students wishing to go hiking should sign their names here. * 在候车室里我看见一个熟睡的女孩。 I saw a sleeping girl in the waiting room. = I saw a girl who was sleeping in the waiting room. 正和校长谈话的那个人是汤姆的父亲。 The man talking with our headmaster is Tom’s father. = The man who is talking with our headmaster is Tom’s father. * 注意现在分词与其它非谓语形式作定语的区别： 1)? 现在分词作定语，表示一个主动的、正在进行的动作。如： 正在做关于污染报告的教授来自哈佛大学。 The professor giving a speech about pollution now is from Harvard University. 2) 现在分词的被动语态（being+过去分词）表示一个被动的、正在进行的动作。例如： 正在建设的高速公路将直通新港码头。 The freeway being built now will lead to Xingang Seaport. * 3) 及物动词的过去分词作定语，表示一个被动的、已经完成的动作。 例如： 上学期建成的计算机中心很受学校学生的欢迎。 The computer center, built last term, is very popular among the students in the school. 4) 不定式（to+动词原形）作定语表示一个将来要发生的动作。如： 下一个要检查的病人正在外面等着。 The patient to be examined next is waiting outside. * 现在分词的完成式“having+过去分词”不能作定语，此时可以用一个定语从句代替。例如： 你了解昨天发生的事故吗？ Do you know anything about the accident having happened yesterday? ( wrong ) Do you know anything about the accident that happened yesterday? ( right ) * 赢得冠军的中国女子排球队于昨晚到达首都机场。 The Chinese Women Volleyball Team having won the championship arrived at the Capital Airport last night. ( wrong ) The Chinese Women Volleyball Team that had won the championship arrived at