anatomy and physiology of the larynx-讲稿.pptVIP

Anatomy and Physiology of the Larynx Tube occupying middle third of the neck Opposite 3rd,4th,5th,6th cervical vertebrae Framework of cartilages, not to allow for collapse with inspiration Cartilages are connected by ligaments membranes Larynx Cartilage Larynx Cartilage Epiglottic cartilage A thin lamina of elastic cartilage forming the central portion of the epiglottis. attached to the thyroid cartilage of the larynx by the thyroepiglottic ligament; it is the structural basis of the epiglottis. Larynx Cartilage Thyroid cartilage The largest cartilage of the larynx consisting of two laminae fusing anteriorly at an acute angle in the midline of the neck. The point of fusion forms a subcutaneous projection known as the adams apple. Larynx Cartilage Carcoid cartilage It sits just inferior to the thyroid cartilage in the neck, and is joined to it medially by the median cricothyroid ligament and postero-laterally by the cricothyroid joints. Inferior to it are the rings of cartilage around the trachea (which are not continuous - rather they are C-shaped with a gap posteriorly). The cricoid is joined to the first tracheal ring by the cricotracheal ligament, and this can be felt as a more yielding area between the firm thyroid cartilage and firmer cricoid. The posterior part of the cricoid is slightly broader than the anterior and lateral parts, and is called the lamina, while the anterior part is the band; this may be the reason for the common comparison made between the cricoid and a signet ring. 喉软骨 ( larynx cartilage) Arytenoids Cartilage One of a pair of small pyramidal cartilages that articulate with the lamina of the cricoid cartilage. The corresponding vocal ligament and several muscles are attached to it. 喉韧带及膜 喉软骨之所以能构成喉的支架结构是因为喉体各软骨之间有纤维状韧带组织连接之故，称喉韧带和膜。 主要的韧带： 甲状会厌韧带 舌会厌正中襞 杓状会厌襞 环杓后韧带 环气管韧带 Muscles of the Larynx Extrinsic 1- Thyrohyoid Muscles 2- Sternothyroid Muscles Raise and lower the larynx during deglutition Musc