attention span for learning = chronological age …（学习的注意力=实足年龄u2026）.pdf

BEHAVIOR MANAGEMENT IMPORTANT FACTS By nature, children are wiggly and fidgety and have difficulty sustaining attention for long periods of time. Take advantage of opportunities to observe children in their natural environment to gain a better understanding of typical behavior. Typical attention span: When trying to estimate realistically how much time a child can focus on one activity, you can use the following formula (source unknown): Attention span for learning = chronological age + 1 For example, an eight-year-old child (8+1=9) would have a nine-minute attention span for a learning activity. This information can be quite useful when the tutor is planning his activities for the tutoring session. By planning a variety of literacy activities based on the child’s age and attention span, the tutor is more likely to maintain the child’s attention and limit inappropriate behavior. Behavior: Remember that behavior serves a purpose. Young children often do not have the words necessary to express themselves; they express themselves through their behavior. If a child behaves inappropriately during the tutoring session, the tutor should not take the behavior personally. The child is not misbehaving with the sole purpose of irritating the tutor. Rather she is choosing her behavior to meet a need. When a child chooses inappropriate behavior, the tutor should first try to pinpoint the cause of the behavior. Choice Theory: According to Choice Theory (William Glasser), all behavior is motivated by an individual’s internal desire to satisfy basic physical and psychological needs. The physical need is survival, and the psychological needs are 1) love and belonging, 2) freedom, 3) power, and 4) fun. One important concept of Choice Theory is that individuals have choices about how to behave. (For more information