嘉陵江流域3大水系的植被景观异质性差异.pdfVIP

第22卷第1期 水土保持学报 V0l_22 No．1 2008生2fl Journal of Soll and Water Conservation Feb．，2008 嘉陵江流域3大水系的植被景观异质性差异 胥 晓 ，钟劲翔 ，严贤春 (1．四川省环境科学与生物多样性保护重点实验室，四川南充637002； 2．西华师范大学物理与电子信息学院。四川南充637002) 摘要：利用景观指数从景观空间组分、空间构型以及空间梯度变化3方面比较和分析了嘉陵江流域内3大水系的 植被景观异质性差异。结果表明：(1)涪江水系和嘉陵江干流以栽培植被和针叶林为优势，渠江水系则以栽培植被 和阔叶林为主。针叶林和草甸在涪江水系中的破碎化程度较高。而嘉陵江干流和渠江水系中针叶林和灌丛的破碎 化程度较高。(2)嘉陵江干流水系在植被景观总体上破碎化程度高、斑块聚合性弱。景观多样性高。而渠江水系则 表现为景观破碎化较高，斑块聚合性强，景观多样性低的分布特点。除景观破碎化程度最低外，涪江水系在其它方 面均处于前两者之间。(3)沿着河流汇聚方向，3水系在异质性方面均表现出斑块数量减少、斑块间距缩小、聚合性 增强、植被景观破碎化和多样性明显降低的总趋势。 关键词：嘉陵江流域； 水系； 植被景观； 异质性 中圈分类号：Q948．15；P9Ol 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1009—2242(2008)01—0174—06 Differences in Vegetation Landscape HeterOgeneity among Three Water Systems in Jial ing River Basin xu Xiao ，ZHONG Jin—xiang ，YAN Xian—chun (1．Sichuan Provh~ial Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biodiversity Conservation。Nanchong 637002； 2．School of Physics am1 Electronic Information，China West Normal University。Nanchong 637002) Abstract：The heterogeneity differences of three water systems in Jialing river basin were compared and analyzed on the basis of remote sensing images by applying GIS technology．The results showed that：(1)There were sig～ nificant differences in landscape status，fragmentation degree and congregation index at the landscape components scale among thrae water system regions．The“cultivated vegetation”“needleleaf forests”were two dominant components in Fujiang river water system and the mainstream of Jialing river region，while the most land cover types were“cultivated vegetation’’and“broadleaf forests”in Qujiang river water system．A