第十章 弧菌（Chapter x vibrio）.docVIP

第十章 弧菌（Chapter x vibrio） Chapter x vibrio Vibrios Vibrio bacteria is short and a large group of bacteria, bent into arc of gram-negative bacteria, the bacteria and enterobacteriaceae are the main differences of oxidase test positive (wheat, mads Vibrio excepted) and one at the end of the root in bacteria single flagella. Vibrio bacteria are widely distributed in nature and most in water. There are 36 species of the genus, of which there are at least 12 species associated with human infection, especially the vibrio cholerae, the most important of which is the hemolytic vibrio. Section 1: vibrio cholerae V. cholerae (V.c holerae) is the pathogen that causes the infectious disease cholera, which was recorded more than two thousand years ago. Since 1817, has happened 7 times worldwide cholera pandemic, the first six times are caused by the bacterium vibrio cholerae classical biotype, the seventh pandemic began in 1961 caused by the bacterium vibrio cholerae El Tor biotype. In 1992, a new strain of O139 (Bengal) appeared in India and Bangladesh, along the bend of Bangladesh, and quickly spread across Asia, the first time it was caused by a non-o1 group of vibrio cholerae. I. biological characters The body size of the vibrio cholerae was 0.5 ~ 0.81.5 ~ 3m. The newly isolated bacterial form of the patient is typical of arc or comma. But after artificial culture, the bacterium often appears the rod shape and not easy to distinguish from the enterobacter. Gram-negative. The special structures have a fungus, no buds, and some strains (including O139) have a capsule that has a single flagella at one end. If the patients rice swill feces or cultured material is suspended, the movement of the bacteria is very lively, and it is a shuttle or meteor. The culture characteristic and biochemical reaction and anaerobic, nutritional requirements are not high. The temperature range of growth and reproduction is wide (18 ~ 37), so it can survive in the outer environment. Alkali acid, not