脾切除术（splenectomy）.docVIP

脾切除术（splenectomy） Preoperative preparation of splenectomy 1. Emergency operation When the rupture of the spleen requires urgent surgery, it should be prepared before the operation to prevent hemorrhagic shock, so that the operation can be performed in the shortest time. Patients with severe splenic rupture, due to a large amount of internal hemorrhage, often with hemorrhagic shock, need a large amount of rapid blood transfusion, necessary for arterial pressure transfusion, and adequate blood preparation. Attention should also be paid to the multiple injuries of other organs and treatment. Before operation, it should be used to decompress the stomach, so as not to expand the stomach and prevent the exposure. Adequate antibiotics should also be given to prevent infection. When the preoperative preparation is completed and the surgical instruments are ready, the operation should be performed as early as possible with anti-shock treatment, and the shock should not be corrected. 2. Elecoperative surgery In addition to rupture, chronic spleen diseases should be operated on a selective period. Attention to improve the general condition, a small amount of blood transfusion for many times, protect the liver function, correcting coagulation function is not complete, the necessary laboratory tests (including the determination of hemoglobin, red blood cell count, total number of white blood cells and classification, platelet count, blood vessels, brittleness test, bleeding time, coagulation time, prothrombin time, etc.). Before operation, it should be used for gastrointestinal decompression. For patients with esophageal varicose veins, soft stomach tube should be selected and a small amount of liquid paraffin should be taken in front of the tube. Special attention should be taken to prevent bleeding. Before operation, the blood should be prepared in a proper amount and ready for transfusion. Adequate antibiotics should also be given. An introduction to the adaptation of splenec