孕妇营养（Pregnant women to nutrition）.docVIP

孕妇营养（Pregnant women to nutrition） Infancy: Birth 1 ~ 12 months, including neonatal period (navel to 28 days after birth) Early childhood: one to three years old. Pre-school age: 3 ~ 6 years old children School age: six to twelve years old Juvenile period: twelve to eighteen, or puberty Adulthood: eighteen to sixty Aged: over 60 years old Nutrition of pregnant women: Proper nutrition of pregnant women is the guarantee of normal development of the fetus, and malnutrition can have adverse effects on pregnancy outcome and maternal health. Effects on the fetus including fetal in utero growth stagnation, intrauterine retardation, its result includes: an increased incidence of premature and low birth weight, increased incidence of congenital malformation fetus, infant mortality rates increased in the perinatal period, affects the data of physical and mental development Low birth weight neonates were associated with high blood pressure and glucose tolerance in adults. 1. Children with low birth weight are prone to lower glucose tolerance, hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance. 2. The negative correlation between blood pressure and birth weight is associated with the stages of childhood, the duration and the adult stage 3. The incidence of coronary heart disease was 18% in the 2500g, and the birth weight was 3000g, and the incidence of coronary heart disease was 4% Nutrient intake and nutrient reference intake during pregnancy 1. The energy An energy. Rational intake of energy is the foundation of successful pregnancy. Compared with non-pregnant women, the energy consumption of pregnant women also includes the growth and development of maternal reproductive organs and fetus, as well as the fat storage of maternal lactation. The dietary nutrient reference intake of Chinese residents recommended that the energy RNI increase by 200kcal on the basis of non-pregnancy The best way to ensure appropriate energy intake: try to choose the high density of nutrients intake of food, t