英语国家社会与文化入门课件.docVIP

What is an American? Question first asked by Crevecouer European or of European descent Has left behind ancient prejudices and manners Has received new ones from the new life he embraces Individuals of all nations are melted into a new race of men THE FIRST IMMIGRATION Twenty five thousand years ago From Asia – across the Bering Straits Siberian tribes in search of new hunting grounds 15th century 10-20 million people inhabited the Americas Established their own distinctive cultures THE SECOND MIGRATIONTO THE AMERICAS The 16th century saw the start of a migration from Europe and Africa Christopher Columbus arrived in the Bahamas John Cabot arrived in Canada The Spanish and English followed these men to stake their claim on the country WHAT WAS HAPPENING IN EUROPE? The development of Capitalism Worship of God challenged by natural and social sciences Religious reformation DEVELOPMENT OF CAPITALISM The bourgeoisie wanted more power The serfs wanted freedom The result of this was a revolution on the part of the serfs in order to gain their freedom GOD CHALLENGED BY SCIENCE People became more confident People challenged authority People challenged the Church RELIGIOUS REFORMATION New thinking in religion A challenge to the Catholic Church Martin Luther John Calvin Henry VIII MARTIN LUTHER’S BELIEFS Only guide to God was the Bible Direct relationship with God Faith in God Pope and priests interfered with this JOHN CALVIN’S BELIEFS Calvin believed that man would be saved by faith alone regardless of his good deeds or his sins. HENRY VIII BREAKS WITH THE CATHOLIC CHURCH Henry broke with the church because he wanted a divorce Made himself head of the church in England Catholics were persecuted People fled abroad THE FIRST STATES Virginia New England Maryland Pennsylvania VIRGINIA First English settlement 1607 Adventurers who refused to work Captain John Smith took control John Rolfe experimented with tobacco 1619 Laws for the colony 1619 The first slaves were brought to Am